Influence of turbulent natural convection on heat transfer in shallow caves

We aim at analyzing in detail the different heat transfer mechanisms involved a confined shallow cave embedded rock massif submitted to seasonal variations of ground temperature. Heat conduction massif, radiative between walls, and turbulent natural convection inside are considered. The problem is solved by large-eddy simulations (LES) using Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method associated with spectral vanishing viscosity (SVV) model. thermal boundary conditions applied walls obtained from large-scale model that takes into account fluxes walls. This approach allows us characterize relative strength convective identify regions cavity times year intense transfer. identified two flow regimes: (i) one-cell regime strong convection, high turbulence level unstable mean vertical temperature gradient, (ii) multiple-cell weak low stable gradient. use Newton’s law describe discussed.